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Iconoclasm Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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iconoclasm

[หŒaษชkษ™หˆnษ’klรฆzษ™m ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

historical movement

Iconoclasm refers to the deliberate destruction of religious icons and symbols. This movement was primarily seen during the Byzantine Empire when there were strong debates over the use of icons in worship. Iconoclasts believed that the veneration of icons was tantamount to idolatry, and thus sought to eliminate these images. This controversy deeply divided the church and had political ramifications, leading to periods of intense conflict and reformation. The term has since evolved to also refer to any challenge to traditional beliefs or institutions.

Synonyms

destruction of icons, icon-breaking, image-breaking.

Examples of usage

  • The Byzantine Empire faced severe iconoclasm during the 8th century.
  • Iconoclasm often leads to social upheaval.
  • The Protestant Reformation was marked by a form of iconoclasm.
  • Modern movements may reflect iconoclastic attitudes.

Translations

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Interesting Facts

Historical Origins

  • The word originates from the Greek 'eikon' (image) and 'klasma' (breaking), literally meaning 'image breaking'.
  • In the Byzantine Empire, iconoclasm emerged in the 8th century when some people argued against the use of religious images in worship, leading to a major conflict.
  • Iconoclasm played a significant role during the Protestant Reformation when reformers sought to eliminate religious imagery they believed distracted from true worship.

Cultural Movements

  • Various art movements, such as Dadaism and Surrealism, embraced iconoclasm by challenging traditional representations and established norms in art.
  • In modern times, some street artists and activists use iconoclastic ideas to question societal values and challenge authoritative representations in public spaces.

Literature

  • Many authors, like George Orwell, highlighted themes of iconoclasm in their works to show how societies can reshape or dismantle truths.
  • The concept of iconoclasm often appears in dystopian literature, reflecting the struggle against oppressive regimes that seek to control culture through censorship.

Psychology

  • Iconoclastic behavior can reflect a deeper psychological need for individuality or rebellion against authority figures and established norms.
  • Psychologists find that iconoclasm may stem from a desire for critical thinking and challenging conventional wisdom, promoting innovation and change.

Architecture

  • Historical iconoclastic movements have influenced the design and function of religious buildings, leading to spaces that prioritize experience over traditional iconography.
  • In some cultures, iconoclasm has resulted in the preservation of nature and environments by encouraging alternative approaches to spirituality without physical symbols.

Origin of 'iconoclasm'

The term 'iconoclasm' originates from the Greek words 'eikon,' meaning 'image,' and 'klaein,' meaning 'to break.' It first came into wide use in reference to the conflict over religious images in the Byzantine Empire during the 8th and 9th centuries. The term was shaped significantly by the Iconoclastic Controversy, a theological debate that pitted iconoclasts against iconodulesโ€”those who supported the use and veneration of icons. This deep-rooted conflict reflected broader societal tensions and the interplay between politics and religion. Over time, 'iconoclasm' has been generalized to describe any rejection or destruction of established beliefs or practices, making it a term relevant in various contexts, including art, literature, and modern culture.

Word Frequency Rank

This word's position of #31,337 indicates it's among the more rare English words. While understanding it broadens your vocabulary, focus on more common words first.