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Guanine Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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guanine

[ˈɡwɑːniːn ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biochemistry genetics

Guanine is one of the four primary nucleobases in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA. It plays a crucial role in the storage and expression of genetic information. Guanine pairs with cytosine in DNA through three hydrogen bonds, which contribute to the stability of the DNA double helix. In addition to its roles in DNA and RNA, guanine is also involved in cellular signaling and the formation of energy-carrying molecules such as GTP.

Synonyms

g, nucleobase.

Examples of usage

  • Guanine is essential for DNA structure.
  • Mutations in guanine can affect genetic traits.
  • Researchers study guanine's role in RNA synthesis.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Biochemistry

  • Guanine pairs with cytosine in DNA, helping to keep the structure of the molecule stable.
  • It is one of the four primary nucleobases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, essential for genetics.

Health

  • Deficiencies in certain nucleotides, like guanine, can impact cell functions and lead to health issues.
  • Guanine plays a role in energy transfer within cells, essential for metabolic processes.

Technology

  • Researchers utilize guanine to develop biosensors that can detect diseases at an early stage.
  • In bioinformatics, guanine sequences help scientists understand genetic coding and variations.

Pop Culture

  • Guanine has inspired various artistic representations of genetics, reflecting the theme of life in modern media.
  • Its connection to DNA has made guanine a staple in science fiction, often portrayed as the 'blueprint of life'.

Origin of 'guanine'

Main points about word origin

  • The name 'guanine' comes from 'guano', the bird droppings from which it was first extracted.
  • The chemical formula for guanine shows it is made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, a mix essential for life.

The term 'guanine' originates from the Spanish word 'guano', which refers to a natural fertilizer made of the accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats. This was significant because guano was a source of nitrogenous compounds. The 'gu-' prefix signifies its relation to guano, while the suffix '-ine' is a common ending for many nitrogen-containing compounds. Guanine was first isolated from guano by the chemist Friedrich Miescher in the 19th century. It was later identified as a component of nucleic acids, contributing significantly to our understanding of genetic material and molecular biology. The study of guanine has paved the way for advancements in genetics, biochemistry, and medicine.

Word Frequency Rank

Positioned at #23,440, this word is part of extensive vocabulary. It's relatively rare in general usage but may be important in specific fields or formal writing.