Glycogenin: meaning, definitions and examples

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glycogenin

 

[ˈɡlaɪkəʤɪnɪn ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biochemistry

Glycogenin is a protein that serves as the primer for glycogen synthesis. It catalyzes the addition of glucose molecules to itself, forming a short chain that acts as a starting point for the more extensive glycogen polymer. This protein is essential for the proper storage of glucose in the body.

Examples of usage

  • Glycogenin initiates glycogen synthesis.
  • Mutations in glycogenin can affect energy storage.
  • Research on glycogenin helps understand diabetes.
  • Glycogenin is crucial in muscle physiology.

Interesting Facts

Etymology

  • The term comes from 'glycogen', meaning 'sweet substance,' combined with the suffix '-in,' used for proteins.
  • Glycogen itself was first identified in 1857 by French chemist Claude Bernard who explored its role in energy storage.

Biochemistry

  • Glycogenin acts as a primer for glycogen synthesis, kickstarting the process of storing glucose in the form of glycogen.
  • The action of glycogenin is crucial for the body during times of energy demand, like exercise or fasting.

Health and Nutrition

  • Understanding glycogenin can help scientists develop better strategies for managing energy levels in athletes.
  • Disruptions in glycogenin function can lead to glycogen storage diseases, which impact muscle and organ health.

Research and Technology

  • Recent studies explore glycogenin's role in diabetes management, offering insights into blood sugar regulation.
  • Researchers are investigating how modifying glycogenin might improve performance in sports or increase muscle mass.