Estrogen: meaning, definitions and examples
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estrogen
[ ΛestrΙΛjΙͺn ]
biochemistry hormone
Estrogen is a group of hormones that play a vital role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. It is primarily produced in the ovaries, but can also be synthesized in small amounts by the adrenal glands and fat tissues. Estrogen influences various bodily functions beyond reproduction, including bone health, cardiovascular function, and mood regulation.
Synonyms
Examples of usage
- Estrogen levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle.
- Hormone replacement therapy often includes estrogen for menopausal women.
- High estrogen levels can lead to increased risk of certain cancers.
Etymology
The term 'estrogen' is derived from the Greek word 'oistros,' meaning 'frenzy' or 'passion,' and the Latin root 'gen,' meaning 'to produce or generate.' The concept of estrogen dates back to the late 19th century when scientists began isolating ovarians hormones. The first estrogen, estrone, was identified in the 1920s. Over the decades, research into estrogen expanded, and its role in reproductive health became widely recognized. Throughout the 20th century, understanding of estrogen's functions has deepened, linking it to various health conditions, including reproductive disorders, osteoporosis, and heart disease. Today, estrogen's multiple roles in both male and female bodies are thoroughly studied in medicine and biology.