Epigraphy: meaning, definitions and examples

Etymology

• The term comes from the Greek words 'epi' meaning 'upon' and 'grapho' meaning 'to write'.
• It was first used in the 16th century to describe the study of ancient inscriptions.

Historical Significance

• Inscriptions from ancient Rome and Greece help us understand their cultures, politics, and everyday life.
• Some epigraphic findings include political decrees, religious texts, and public announcements, offering a window into ancient societies.

Modern Applications

• Epigraphy is used in archaeology to date artifacts and decode languages that are no longer spoken.
• It can reveal social structures, trade practices, and migrations of ancient peoples through their written records.

Notable Discoveries

• The Rosetta Stone, inscribed in multiple scripts, was key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs.
• The Dead Sea Scrolls contain valuable text that has helped scholars understand early Jewish practices and beliefs.

Cultural Impact

• Inscriptions serve not only as historical records but also as art forms, reflecting the styles and values of their time.
• Modern artists have drawn inspiration from ancient epigraphic styles to create contemporary works that comment on identity and history.