Cornea: meaning, definitions and examples
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cornea
[ ˈkɔːrniə ]
anatomy, eye
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. It plays a crucial role in focusing light onto the retina. The cornea is avascular, meaning it does not contain blood vessels; instead, it receives nutrients from tears and the aqueous humor. It is composed of five layers, each serving a distinct function in maintaining optical clarity and health. Damage to the cornea can lead to vision problems and may require surgical intervention.
Synonyms
eyelid covering, ocular surface.
Examples of usage
- The cornea helps to refract light.
- Infections of the cornea can lead to serious complications.
- Corneal transplants are common in ophthalmology.
- The cornea is highly sensitive to pain.
Etymology
The term 'cornea' originates from the Latin word 'cornea,' meaning 'horn' or 'horny substance.' The name reflects the cornea's tough, transparent nature, which resembles that of a horn. The understanding of the cornea has evolved significantly since ancient times when early anatomists and physicians explored the eye's structure and functions. In medieval times, scholars in the Islamic Golden Age made notable advancements in the study of vision, examining the cornea's role in focusing light and impact on sight. The anatomical study of the cornea has been critical throughout history, leading to surgical innovations and treatments for various eye conditions, including cataracts and keratitis. The cornea remains a vital area of research in modern ophthalmology, with ongoing studies focused on regenerative medicine and ocular tissue engineering.