Consequentialism Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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consequentialism

[kənˌsɪˌkwɛnʃəˈlɪzəm ]

Definition

^{Context #1 | Noun}

ethical theory

Consequentialism is the ethical theory that the morality of an action is determined by its outcome or consequence. In other words, the rightness or wrongness of an action depends on the result it produces, rather than the action itself.

Synonyms

outcome-based ethics, result-based ethics, utilitarianism.

Which Synonym Should You Choose?

Word	Description / Examples
consequentialism	Discusses the ethical theory that holds that the consequences of one's actions are the ultimate basis for judging the rightness or wrongness of these actions. In consequentialism, an action is deemed morally right if it leads to the best possible outcome.
utilitarianism	Specifically refers to a form of consequentialism that aims to maximize overall happiness or utility. Often discussed in philosophical debates and ethical considerations. Utilitarianism holds that the best action is the one that maximizes happiness for the greatest number of people.
outcome-based ethics	Used when explaining ethical theories that evaluate actions based on their outcomes rather than their intentions or inherent morality. Outcome-based ethics suggests that the morality of an action is determined by the effects it produces.
result-based ethics	Similar to outcome-based ethics, frequently mentioned in discussions about ethical frameworks that prioritize end results over the process or motives. Result-based ethics focuses on the end results to decide whether an action is ethical.

Examples of usage

Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism that focuses on maximizing overall happiness.
According to consequentialism, an action that leads to a good outcome is considered morally right.
In consequentialism, the end justifies the means.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Philosophical Origins

The term originated in the 20th century but is rooted in ancient philosophical thought.
Jeremy Bentham, a key thinker, argued that the best action is the one that creates the most happiness for the most people.
John Stuart Mill expanded these ideas, focusing not just on quantity of happiness, but also on quality.

Ethical Implications

It can lead to difficult dilemmas, such as whether breaking a promise is acceptable if it results in greater overall good.
Critics argue that it might justify harmful actions, as long as they produce a positive outcome.
Supporters believe it promotes practicality in decision-making, focusing on real-world effects.

Contemporary Applications

In modern policy-making, governments often use consequentialist reasoning to evaluate social programs.
Companies may adopt it to guide corporate social responsibility initiatives, weighing benefits against costs.
It influences legal judgments, where the outcomes of laws can be analyzed for fairness and effectiveness.

Cultural Representation

Films like 'The Dark Knight' explore themes of consequentialism, questioning the moral implications of choices made by characters for the greater good.
Literature often reflects on dilemmas where characters must choose between personal morals and broader societal benefits.
Television shows, like 'Breaking Bad', delve into the consequences of decisions, prompting viewers to reflect on ethical frameworks.

Psychological Insights

Research shows that people who adopt a consequentialist approach may feel more guilt or justification when facing moral decisions.
Psychological studies often examine how individuals weigh outcomes against their personal values in tough situations.
The way people resolve conflicts can reveal their underlying ethical beliefs, often influenced by consequentialist thinking.

Origin of 'consequentialism'

The term 'consequentialism' was first coined in the 20th century to describe the ethical theory that emphasizes the consequences or results of actions as the primary basis for moral judgment. This concept has roots in ancient philosophy, but the modern formulation of consequentialism emerged in the context of debates about utilitarianism and the nature of ethics.