Bureaucracy: meaning, definitions and examples

Typically refers to a system of government or organizational structure characterized by many rules, regulations, and a hierarchy of authority, often with a negative connotation regarding inefficiencies or excessive paperwork.

• Navigating the bureaucracy for a building permit can be overwhelming.
• The project was delayed due to the cumbersome bureaucracy.

Describes excessive regulation, redundant bureaucracy, or formal rules that result in delays and frustration, with a distinct negative connotation.

• Starting a business in this country involves too much red-tape.
• They had to cut through a lot of red-tape to get the project approved.

Used to refer to the management or governing body of an organization, institution, or governmental position.

• The new administration made significant changes to the education policy.
• She works in the administration department of the company.

Refers to those in positions of authority or officials in a high-ranking position, often carrying a slightly negative connotation of being out of touch or stuck in rigid procedures.

• Reforms were met with resistance from the entrenched officialdom.
• People often criticize the officialdom for not understanding common people's problems.