Aminoglycoside: meaning, definitions and examples
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aminoglycoside
[ ˌæmɪnoʊˈɡlaɪkoʊsaɪd ]
medical terminology
Aminoglycoside refers to a class of antibiotics that are used to treat various types of bacterial infections. They work by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, leading to the death of the bacteria. Common examples include gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin.
Synonyms
anti-infective, antibiotic, bactericidal.
Examples of usage
- The doctor prescribed an aminoglycoside to treat the severe infection.
- Aminoglycosides are often used in combination with other antibiotics.
- Patients receiving aminoglycosides must be monitored for potential kidney damage.
- The use of aminoglycosides has decreased due to resistance.
Translations
Translations of the word "aminoglycoside" in other languages:
🇵🇹 aminoglicosídeo
🇮🇳 एमिनोग्लाइकोसाइड
🇩🇪 Aminoglykosid
🇮🇩 aminoglikosida
🇺🇦 аміноглікозид
🇵🇱 aminoglikozyd
🇯🇵 アミノグリコシド
🇫🇷 aminoglycoside
🇪🇸 aminoglucósido
🇹🇷 aminoglikozid
🇰🇷 아미노글리코사이드
🇸🇦 أمينوغليكوزيد
🇨🇿 aminoglykosid
🇸🇰 aminoglykosid
🇨🇳 氨基糖苷
🇸🇮 aminoglikozid
🇮🇸 amínóglýkósíð
🇰🇿 аминогликозид
🇬🇪 ამინოგლიკოზიდი
🇦🇿 aminoglikozid
🇲🇽 aminoglucósido
Etymology
The term 'aminoglycoside' is derived from the components of its structure. The prefix 'amino-' indicates the presence of amino groups, which are key to the molecular architecture of these compounds, while 'glycoside' refers to the sugar moiety that is part of their structure. Aminoglycosides are naturally occurring and were initially isolated from various species of bacteria, including Streptomyces. Their use as antibiotics began in the 1940s, with streptomycin being one of the first discovered. Subsequently, numerous aminoglycosides were synthesized or isolated, expanding their application in clinical settings. Aminoglycosides are effective against aerobic gram-negative bacteria, but their side effects, particularly nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, have led to careful consideration in their usage.